String manipulation in linux shell scripting

This topic covers various ways in which we can manipulate strings in BASH scripting. Finding the length of the variable’s value All of below commands will print the length of the value of variable “city”
 
city=Brisbane
echo ${#city}
echo `expr length $city`
echo `expr “$city” : ‘.*’`

Finding the sub string position Below commands print the length of matching substring
 
echo `expr match “$city” ‘Bris’`
echo `expr “$city” : ‘Bris*’`

Finding the index of first character
 
echo `expr index “$city” b233`
echo `expr index “$city” 5n`

Extract the portion of the string
 
echo ${city:0}
echo ${city:1}
echo ${city:2:4}
echo ${city:(-4)}
echo ${city: -4}
You can also use expr to return the sub string.
 
echo `expr substr $city 1 3`
echo `expr substr $city 2 4`

Extracting arguments of the script
 
echo ${*:2}
echo ${@:2}
echo ${*:1:2}

Getting matched pattern
 
echo `expr match “$city” ‘(.*sb)’`
echo `expr “$city” : ‘(.*sb)’`

Delete the shortest and longest match from the beginning of the string
 
echo ${stringZ#a*C}
echo ${stringZ##a*C}

Delete the shortest and longest match from the end of the string
 
${city%b}
${city%%s}

Replace the sub string
 
${string/substring/replacement}
${string//substring/replacement}

echo ${city/bane/boon}

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